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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vedomostiregmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Регуляторные исследования и экспертиза лекарственных средств</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Regulatory Research and Medicine Evaluation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">3034-3062</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3034-3453</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Institution ‘Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products’ of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBI ‘SCEEMP’)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30895/1991-2919-2025-15-5-595-603</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vedomostiregmed-795</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КОНТРОЛЬ КАЧЕСТВА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>QUALITY CONTROL</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Определение содержания примеси гистамина в биологических лекарственных средствах: перспективы перехода от методов in vivo к методам in vitro</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Identifying Histamine Impurity in Biological Products: Prospective Transition from in vivo to in vitro Methods</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9584-0777</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирягин</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smiryagin</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смирягин Егор Антонович </p><p>Петровский б-р, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва, 127051</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Egor A. Smiryagin</p><p>8/2 Petrovsky Blvd, Moscow 127051</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smiryaginea@expmed.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1439-2052</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корнилова</surname><given-names>О. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kornilova</surname><given-names>O. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Корнилова Ольга Геннадьевна, д-р фарм. наук </p><p>Петровский б-р, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва, 127051</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga G. Kornilova, Dr. Sci. (Pharm.) </p><p>8/2 Petrovsky Blvd, Moscow 127051</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kornilova@expmed.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0379-6158</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Багирова</surname><given-names>В. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bagirova</surname><given-names>V. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Багирова Валерия Леонидовна, д-р фарм. наук, профессор </p><p>Петровский б-р, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва, 127051</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeria L. Bagirova, Dr. Sci. (Pharm.), Professor </p><p>8/2 Petrovsky Blvd, Moscow 127051</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Bagirova@expmed.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Научный центр экспертизы средств медицинского применения» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>595</fpage><lpage>603</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Смирягин Е.А., Корнилова О.Г., Багирова В.Л., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Смирягин Е.А., Корнилова О.Г., Багирова В.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Smiryagin E.A., Kornilova O.G., Bagirova V.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vedomostincesmp.ru/jour/article/view/795">https://www.vedomostincesmp.ru/jour/article/view/795</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Наличие в лекарственных средствах (ЛС) примесей, снижающих артериальное давление, может привести к возникновению нежелательных побочных реакций у пациентов. К таким примесям относят гистамин и другие депрессорные вещества. Методика количественного определения примеси гистамина, представленная в действующей общей фармакопейной статье «Испытание на гистамин» Государственной фармакопеи Российской Федерации, основана на взаимодействии гистамина с Н1-рецепторами кишечника морской свинки. Однако внедрение концепции 3R (Замена, Сокращение, Усовершенствование; Replacement, Reduction, Refinement) в качестве международного стандарта и отказ ведущих фармакопей от проведения in vivo испытания на содержание примеси гистамина создает необходимость разработки in vitro методов количественного определения данного вещества.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Выбор перспективного in vitro метода количественного определения примеси гистамина в качестве альтернативы испытаниям in vivo.</p></sec><sec><title>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ</title><p>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ. Проведен подробный анализ стратегии Европейской фармакопеи, направленной на отказ от биологических испытаний на содержание примеси гистамина в ЛС. На основании научной литературы установлены наиболее часто используемые физико-химические и иммунохимические методы количественного определения примеси гистамина. Систематизированы условия методик с применением метода высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии (ВЭЖХ). Показана возможность проведения непрямого конкурентного гетерофазного иммуноферментного анализа (ИФА) для количественной оценки гистамина в биологических лекарственных средствах. Обоснованы критерии выбора между ВЭЖХ и ИФА, основанные на специфике матрицы исследуемой субстанции.</p></sec><sec><title>ВЫВОДЫ</title><p>ВЫВОДЫ. Перспективными методами для количественного определения примеси гистамина в биологических лекарственных средствах являются ВЭЖХ и ИФА. Методики in vitro разрабатывают исходя из состава, строения и свойств матрицы исследуемой субстанции. Для структурно гетерогенных матриц, например для гепаринов, рекомендуется ВЭЖХ, для субстанций пептидной и белковой природы, например для апротинина, — ИФА.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION. Drug impurities lowering blood pressure can cause side effects in patients. These impurities include histamine and other depressor substances. The current General pharmacopoeial monograph “Test for Histamine” of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation presents a quantification method of histamine impurity based on histamine interaction with H1 receptors of the guinea pig intestine. However, 3R concept (Replacement, Reduction, Refinement) introduced as an international standard and decision of leading pharmacopoeias to exclude in vivo histamine tests makes it necessary to develop in vitro methods for quantification of histamine impurity.</p></sec><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM. This study aimed to select an advanced in vitro method for quantification of histamine impurity as an alternative to in vivo tests.</p></sec><sec><title>DISCUSSION</title><p>DISCUSSION. Strategy of European Pharmacopoeia aimed at abandoning biological tests for histamine drug impurities was analysed. Scientific literature has shown the most common physicochemical and immunochemical methods for quantification of histamine impurity. The authors systematised test methods using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Indirect competitive heterogenous enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was shown feasible for histamine quantification in the biological drugs. Choice between HPLC and ELISA was based the matrix of a test substance.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSIONS</title><p>CONCLUSIONS. HPLC and ELISA are promising quantification methods of histamine impurity in biological products. In vitro methods are developed according to the composition, structure, and matrix properties of a test substance. Heterogeneous matrices, such as heparins, profit from HPLC, while ELISA is recommended for peptides and proteins, for example aprotinin.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гистамин</kwd><kwd>примесь</kwd><kwd>количественное определение</kwd><kwd>биологические испытания</kwd><kwd>in vitro методики</kwd><kwd>высокоэффективная жидкостная хроматография</kwd><kwd>ВЭЖХ</kwd><kwd>иммуноферментный анализ</kwd><kwd>ИФА</kwd><kwd>концепция 3R</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>histamine</kwd><kwd>impurity</kwd><kwd>quantification</kwd><kwd>biological tests</kwd><kwd>in vitro methods</kwd><kwd>high-performance liquid chromatography</kwd><kwd>HPLC</kwd><kwd>enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay</kwd><kwd>ELISA</kwd><kwd>3R concept</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания ФГБУ «НЦЭСМП» Минздрава России № 056- 00001-25-00 на проведение прикладных научных исследований (номер государственного учета НИР 124022200096-0)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was conducted by the Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products as part of the applied research funded under State Assignment No. 056-00001-25-01 (R&amp;D Registry No. 124022200096-0)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чечетова ЕО, Батуашвили ТА, Неугодова НП. 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