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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vedomostiregmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Регуляторные исследования и экспертиза лекарственных средств</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Regulatory Research and Medicine Evaluation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">3034-3062</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3034-3453</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Institution ‘Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products’ of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBI ‘SCEEMP’)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30895/1991-2919-2025-15-6-701-711</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vedomostiregmed-780</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫЕ СРЕДСТВА РАСТИТЕЛЬНОГО ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HERBAL MEDICINAL PRODUCTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Пирролизидиновые алкалоиды растений семейства Boraginaceae и оценка безопасности их применения по критерию острой токсичности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids of Boraginaceae Family and Safety Assessment of Acute Toxicity</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9224-9350</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Величко</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Velichko</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Величко Виктория Владимировна, канд. фарм. наук, доцент</p><p>Красный пр-т, д. 52, г. Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktoriya V. Velichko, Cand. Sci. (Pharm.), Associate Professor</p><p>52 Krasny Ave., Novosibirsk 630091</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">velichkvik@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8194-1061</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оленников</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Olennikov</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оленников Даниил Николаевич, д-р. фарм. наук, профессор</p><p>ул. Сахьяновой, д. 6, г. Улан-Удэ, 670047</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daniil N. Olennikov, Dr. Sci. (Pharm.), Professor</p><p>6 Sakhyanova St., Ulan-Ude 670047</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olennikovdn@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7127-310X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Олешко</surname><given-names>Е. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Oleshko</surname><given-names>E. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Олешко Егор Данилович</p><p>Красный пр-т, д. 52, г. Новосибирск, 630091</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Egor D. Oleshko</p><p>52 Krasny Ave., Novosibirsk 630091</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oleshko_egor_25@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4139-036X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ершов</surname><given-names>К. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yershov</surname><given-names>K. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ершов Константин Игоревич, канд. биол. наук, доцент</p><p>Красный пр-т, д. 52, г. Новосибирск, 630091</p><p>ул. Сахьяновой, д. 6, г. Улан-Удэ, 670047</p><p> </p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin I. Ershov, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Associate Professor</p><p>52 Krasny Ave., Novosibirsk 630091</p><p>6 Arbuzov St., Novosibirsk 630117</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ershov_k@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1904-7901</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Круглов</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kruglov</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Круглов Дмитрий Семенович, канд. техн. наук, доцент</p><p>Красный пр-т, д. 52, г. Новосибирск, 630091</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitriy S. Kruglov, Cand. Sci. (Tech.), Associate Professor</p><p>52 Krasny Ave., Novosibirsk 630091</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kruglov_ds@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8571-7375</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кошлич</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koshlich</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кошлич Ксения Александровна, канд. мед. наук</p><p>Красный пр-т, д. 52, г. Новосибирск, 630091</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ksenia A. Koshlich, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p><p>52 Krasny Ave., Novosibirsk 630091</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mail@koshlich.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки «Институт общей и экспериментальной биологии Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of General and Experimental Biology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Научно-исследовательский институт клинической и экспериментальной лимфологии — филиал федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт&#13;
цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State Medical University; Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology — Branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>701</fpage><lpage>711</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Величко В.В., Оленников Д.Н., Олешко Е.Д., Ершов К.И., Круглов Д.С., Кошлич К.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Величко В.В., Оленников Д.Н., Олешко Е.Д., Ершов К.И., Круглов Д.С., Кошлич К.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Velichko V.V., Olennikov D.N., Oleshko E.D., Yershov K.I., Kruglov D.S., Koshlich K.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vedomostincesmp.ru/jour/article/view/780">https://www.vedomostincesmp.ru/jour/article/view/780</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Растения семейства бурачниковые (Boraginaceae) Pulmonaria mollis, Nonea rossica, Onosma simplicissima и Cynoglossum officinale широко распространены на территории Российской Федерации и могут являться источниками лекарственных средств, обладающих противомикробными, противоанемическими, антикоагулянтными свойствами. В настоящее время данные растения не являются официнальными, что</p><p>может быть связано с содержанием в них пирролизидиновых алкалоидов, способных вызывать гепатотоксические эффекты.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Оценка безопасности применения растений семейства Boraginaceae по критерию острой токсичности и содержанию пирролизидиновых алкалоидов.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. В качестве объектов исследования использовали высушенные надземные части растений Pulmonaria mollis, Nonea rossica, Onosma simplicissima и Cynoglossum officinale, заготовленные в период цветения. Состав и содержание алкалоидов в спиртовых извлечениях определяли методом высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии с диодно-матричным и масс-спектрометрическим детектированием с ионизацией электрораспылением. Определение острой токсичности проводили на 102 половозрелых мышах обоего пола стока CD-1 весом 24,0±2,0 г в возрасте 12 нед., полученных из ЦКП «Виварий конвенциональных животных» ФГБНУ ФИЦ ИЦиГ СО РАН. Животным однократно внутрижелудочно вводили сухие экстракты изучаемых видов сырья, растворенные в дистиллированной воде, в дозе 5 г/кг.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Установлено отсутствие пирролизидиновых алкалоидов в траве P. mollis, наличие их следовых количеств (0,01 мкг/г) в листьях P. mollis. В других изученных видах растений обнаружены пирролизидиновые алкалоиды — энантиомеры интермедина и ликопсамина и их производные: в траве O. simplicissima — 1,07±0,03 мкг/г, в траве N. rossica — 8,25±0,08 мкг/г, в траве C. officinale — 676,3±7,4 мкг/г. По результатам оценки острой токсичности сухие экстракты из травы и листьев P. mollis, травы N. rossica и травы O. simplicissima отнесены к 5 классу токсичности, экстракт из травы C. officinale — к 4 классу токсичности.</p></sec><sec><title>ВЫВОДЫ</title><p>ВЫВОДЫ. Извлечения из травы и листьев P. mollis в исследуемых дозах являются нетоксичными, для извлечений из травы O. simplicissima и N. rossica необходимо проведение дальнейших исследований для определения токсичности при длительном применении. Извлечения из травы C. officinale токсичны и не могут использоваться для внутреннего применения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION. Plants of Boraginaceae family (Pulmonaria mollis, Nonea rossica, Onosma simplicissima, and Cynoglossum officinale) are widespread over the Russian Federation and are promising sources of phytomedicines with important pharmacological properties, such as antimicrobial, antianaemic, anticoagulant etc. Currently, Boraginaceae are not classified as officinal plants, presumably due to pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PA) that can cause hepatotoxic effect.</p></sec><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM. This study aimed to assess safety using Boraginaceae plants based on acute toxicity and content of pyrrolizidine alkaloids.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS. The research objects were dried herbs of Pulmonaria mollis, Nonea rossica, Onosma simplicissima, and Cynoglossum officinale, collected from flowering plants in Novosibirsk region over 2023–2024. The composition and amount of alkaloids in alcohol extracts were determined by high-performance liq­uid chromatography with diode array and mass-spectrometry detection with electrospray ionisation. Acute toxicity was tested in vivo in 102 mature male and female CD-1 mice weighing 24.0±2.0 g, aged 12 weeks, taken from Conventional Animal Vivarium of Scientific Center of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The animals received a single dose of dried study extracts diluted in distilled water at 5 g/kg.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS. The absence of PA in P. mollis herb was established, alongside with its trace amounts (0.01 μg/g) in P. mollis leaves. In other studied plant species, PA, such as enantiomers of intermedine, lycopsamine and their deriva­tives were found: O. simplicissima herb — 1.07±0.03 μg/g, N. rossica herb — 8.25±0.08 μg/g; in C. officinale herb — 676.3±7.4 μg/g. Assessed acute toxicity made it possible to classify dry extracts from P. mollis herbs and leaves, N. rossica herb and O. simplicissima herb as toxicity class 5, and C. officinale herb as toxicity class 4.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSIONS</title><p>CONCLUSIONS. Study doses of extracts taken from herbs and leaves of P. mollis are non-toxic. For extracts from O. simplicissima and N. rossica herb, further research is relevant to determine toxicity in prolonged use. Extracts from C. officinale herb are toxic and cannot be used per os.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>медуница мягкая</kwd><kwd>нонея русская</kwd><kwd>оносма простейшая</kwd><kwd>чернокорень лекарственный</kwd><kwd>Pulmonaria mollis</kwd><kwd>Nonea rossica</kwd><kwd>Onosma simplicissima</kwd><kwd>Cynoglossum officinale</kwd><kwd>ВЭЖХ</kwd><kwd>алкалоиды</kwd><kwd>острая токсичность</kwd><kwd>безопасность</kwd><kwd>пирролизидины</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Pulmonaria mollis</kwd><kwd>Nonea rossica</kwd><kwd>Onosma simplicissima</kwd><kwd>Cynoglossum officinale</kwd><kwd>HPLC</kwd><kwd>alkaloids</kwd><kwd>acute toxicity</kwd><kwd>safety</kwd><kwd>pyrrolizidines</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена без спонсорской поддержки.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тамахина АЯ. 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