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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vedomostiregmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Регуляторные исследования и экспертиза лекарственных средств</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Regulatory Research and Medicine Evaluation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">3034-3062</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3034-3453</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Institution ‘Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products’ of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBI ‘SCEEMP’)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30895/1991-2919-2025-717</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vedomostiregmed-717</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПОДГОТОВКА РЕГИСТРАЦИОННЫХ ДОКУМЕНТОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PREPARING REGISTRATION DOCUMENTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Пользовательское тестирование как способ оценки понимания медицинских терминов, используемых в листках-вкладышах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Readability Testing as a Tool to Assess the Understanding of Medical Terms Used in Package Leaflets</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7119-3546</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Морковин</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Morkovin</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Морковин Евгений Игоревич, канд. мед. наук, доцент</p><p>Раменский б-р, д. 1, вн. тер. г. муниципальный округ Раменки, Москва, 119607;</p><p>площадь Павших Борцов, д. 1, г. Волгоград, 400131; </p><p>ул. Долгоруковская, д. 4, Москва, 127006</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeny I. Morkovin, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor</p><p>1 Ramensky Blvd, Intracity Territory of a Federal City, Ramenki District, Moscow 119607; </p><p>1 Pavshikh Bortsov Sq., Volgograd 400131; </p><p>4 Dolgorukovskaya St., Moscow 127006</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">emorkovin@statandocs.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3557-6224</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сорокина</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sorokina</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сорокина Екатерина Юрьевна</p><p>Раменский б-р, д. 1, вн. тер. г. муниципальный округ Раменки, Москва, 119607</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina Yu. Sorokina</p><p>1 Ramensky Blvd, Intracity Territory of a Federal City, Ramenki District, Moscow 119607</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">esorokina@statandocs.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-2168</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солодовников</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solodovnikov</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Солодовников Александр Геннадьевич, канд. мед. наук, доцент</p><p>Раменский б-р, д. 1, вн. тер. г. муниципальный округ Раменки, Москва, 119607; </p><p>ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6, Москва, 117198</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander G. Solodovnikov, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor</p><p>1 Ramensky Blvd, Intracity Territory of a Federal City, Ramenki District, Moscow 119607; </p><p>6, Miklukho-Maklay St., Moscow 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">asolodovnikov@statandocs.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1116-3425</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куркин</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurkin</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Куркин Денис Владимирович, д-р фарм. наук, доцент</p><p>ул. Долгоруковская, д. 4, Москва, 127006</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Denis V. Kurkin, Dr. Sci. (Pharm.), Associate Professor</p><p>4 Dolgorukovskaya St., Moscow 127006</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">strannik986@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Селезнева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Selezneva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Селезнева Алиса Андреевна</p><p>ул. Долгоруковская, д. 4, Москва, 127006</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alisa A. Selezneva</p><p>4 Dolgorukovskaya St., Moscow 127006</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">furk_t@vk.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лешкова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Leshkova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лешкова Софья Алексеевна</p><p>ул. Долгоруковская, д. 4, Москва, 127006</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sofya A. Leshkova</p><p>4 Dolgorukovskaya St., Moscow 127006</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cool.leshkova@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7923-9916</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Заборовский</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaborovsky</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Заборовский Андрей Владимирович, д-р мед. наук, доцент</p><p>ул. Долгоруковская, д. 4, Москва, 127006</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey V. Zaborovsky, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor</p><p>4 Dolgorukovskaya St., Moscow 127006</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">azabor@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «Статэндокс»; &#13;
Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Волгоградский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; &#13;
Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет медицины» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Statandocs LLC; &#13;
Volgograd State Medical University; &#13;
The Russian University of Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «Статэндокс»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Statandocs LLC</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «Статэндокс»; &#13;
Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет дружбы народов»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Statandocs LLC; &#13;
Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет медицины» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Russian University of Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>497</fpage><lpage>507</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Морковин Е.И., Сорокина Е.Ю., Солодовников А.Г., Куркин Д.В., Селезнева А.А., Лешкова С.А., Заборовский А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Морковин Е.И., Сорокина Е.Ю., Солодовников А.Г., Куркин Д.В., Селезнева А.А., Лешкова С.А., Заборовский А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Morkovin E.I., Sorokina E.Y., Solodovnikov A.G., Kurkin D.V., Selezneva A.A., Leshkova S.A., Zaborovsky A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vedomostincesmp.ru/jour/article/view/717">https://www.vedomostincesmp.ru/jour/article/view/717</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Информация, предназначенная для пациента и включаемая в листок-вкладыш к лекарственному препарату, должна обеспечивать возможность эффективного и безопасного применения препарата за счет соответствующих разъяснений, однако объем необходимых разъяснений и необходимость введения определений для каждого из используемых терминов не ясны.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Оценка понимания случайных медицинских терминов из утвержденных инструкций по медицинскому применению лекарственных препаратов, зарегистрированных в Российской Федерации, респондентами, не имеющими медицинского образования, которые могут потенциально соответствовать целевой популяции пациентов; статистическая оценка связи демографических характеристик популяции с результатами тестирования.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Тестирование проводили на платформе Google Forms. Из глоссария были выбраны 11 случайных терминов, использовавшихся в утвержденных инструкциях по медицинскому применению лекарственных препаратов, зарегистрированных в России. Статистический анализ понятности проводили для 63 респондентов, о которых были собраны демографические данные, включающие возраст и уровень образования.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Для некоторых медицинских терминов было выявлено завышение внутренней оценки понятности: респонденты считали термин понятным, но давали ему неверное определение. Всем протестированным терминам респонденты давали верное определение менее чем в 80% случаев; наиболее понятными терминами оказались «ринит» (66,1% оценщиков), «ангионевротический отек» (28,6%), «экзантема» (25,0%) и «анурия» (25,0%). Лица с высшим образованием, а также те, кто работает с документами, чаще давали правильное определение термину.</p></sec><sec><title>ВЫВОДЫ</title><p>ВЫВОДЫ. При разработке листков-вкладышей, содержащих любые медицинские термины, независимо от того, насколько частым является их употребление за пределами медицинских учреждений, важно учитывать неоднородность характеристик целевой аудитории, обусловленную в числе прочего различиями в уровне образования. Термины, которые вызывают наибольшие трудности в понимании при пользовательском тестировании, должны быть дополнительно пояснены или заменены на более понятные синонимы.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION. The information that is intended for a patient and included in the package leaflet for a medicinal product should ensure the effective and safe use of the medicinal product through appropriate explanations. However, the appropriate level of detail and the necessity of defining each medical term are not clear.</p></sec><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM. This study aimed to test how respondents without medical education, potentially representative of the general patient population, understand medical terms randomly selected from approved package leaflets for medicinal products authorised in the Russian Federation, as well as to conduct a statistical analysis of the relationships between the respondents’ demographics and test results.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS. A Google Forms-based comprehension test evaluated the understanding of 11 random terms from approved package leaflets for medicinal products authorised in the Russian Federation. The statistical analysis of comprehension included data from 63 respondents. The study collected the respondents’ demographic characteristics, including their level of education and age.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS. The respondents overestimated their comprehension of medical terms, giving incorrect definitions to some terms that they previously deemed to be comprehensible. Overall, the respondents provided correct definitions for less than 80% of the terms tested. The most comprehensible terms were “rhinitis” (66.07%), “angioedema” (28.57%), “exanthema” (25.00%), and “anuria” (25.00%). Those who had a higher education or worked with documents were more likely to define the terms correctly.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSIONS</title><p>CONCLUSIONS. Package leaflets containing medical terms, regardless of how frequently these terms are used outside of healthcare settings, should be designed taking into account the heterogeneity of the target audience due to, among other things, differences in education. The terms that cause the greatest difficulty in user testing should be further explained or replaced with more understandable synonyms.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>медицинская терминология</kwd><kwd>листок-вкладыш</kwd><kwd>пользовательское тестирование</kwd><kwd>опрос</kwd><kwd>демографические характеристики</kwd><kwd>применение лекарственных средств</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>medical terminology</kwd><kwd>survey</kwd><kwd>package leaflet</kwd><kwd>patient information leaflet</kwd><kwd>readability testing</kwd><kwd>demographic characteristics</kwd><kwd>use of medicines</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tong V, Aslani P, Raynor DK, Shipp D, Parkinson B, Lalor D, et al. Developing and user testing new pharmacy label formats — a study to inform labelling standards. 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