vedomostiregmedРегуляторные исследования и экспертиза лекарственных средствRegulatory Research and Medicine Evaluation3034-30623034-3453Federal State Budgetary Institution ‘Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products’ of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBI ‘SCEEMP’)10.30895/1991-2919-2024-609vedomostiregmed-609Research ArticleЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫЕ СРЕДСТВА РАСТИТЕЛЬНОГО ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЯHERBAL MEDICINAL PRODUCTSХимический состав и антиоксидантная активность экстрактов плодовых тел Ganoderma lingzhi и Ganoderma lucidumChemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Ganoderma lingzhi and Ganoderma lucidum Fruiting Body Extractshttps://orcid.org/0009-0002-0226-8636ГорбацевичГ. И.HarbatsevichH. I.

Горбацевич Глеб Иванович, канд. хим. наук, доцент 

пр. Дзержинского, д. 83, г. Минск, 220116

Hleb I. Harbatsevich, Cand. Sci. (Chim.), Associate Professor

83 Dzerzhinsky Ave, Minsk 220116

hleb.harbatsevich@gmail.comЗеневичЛ. С.ZenevichL. S.

Зеневич Лилиана Сергеевна

ул. Академика Курчатова, д. 1, г. Минск, 220045

Liliana S. Zenevich

1 Academician Kurchatov St., Minsk 220045

lilianazenevuch@gmail.comБаталоваИ. Р.BatalovaI. R.

Баталова Ирина Ростиславовна 

ул. Академика Курчатова, д. 1, г. Минск, 220045

Irina R. Batalova

1 Academician Kurchatov St., Minsk 220045

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4632-9912КоваленкоС. А.KovalenkoS. A.

Коваленко Снежана Александровна, канд. сел.-хоз. наук

ул. Пролетарская, д. 71, г. Гомель, 246001

Snezhana A. Kovalenko, Cand. Sci. (Agr.)

71 Proletarskaya St., Gomel 246050

snejana.kovalenko@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5318-6599БычковскийП. М.BychkovskyP. M.

Бычковский Павел Михайлович, канд. хим. наук, доцент

ул. Академика Курчатова, д. 1, г. Минск, 220045

Pavel M. Bychkovsky, Cand. Sci. (Chim.), Associate Professor

1 Academician Kurchatov St., Minsk 220045

bychkovsky@tut.byУчреждение образования «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»БеларусьBelarusian State Medical UniversityBelarusУчебно-научно-производственное республиканское унитарное предприятие «Унитехпром БГУ»БеларусьUnitehprom BSUBelarusГосударственное научное учреждение «Институт леса Национальной академии наук Беларуси»БеларусьForest Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of BelarusBelarus202420082024146686697Copyright © Горбацевич Г.И., Зеневич Л.С., Баталова И.Р., Коваленко С.А., Бычковский П.М., 20242024Горбацевич Г.И., Зеневич Л.С., Баталова И.Р., Коваленко С.А., Бычковский П.М.Harbatsevich H.I., Zenevich L.S., Batalova I.R., Kovalenko S.A., Bychkovsky P.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vedomostincesmp.ru/jour/article/view/609ВВЕДЕНИЕ

ВВЕДЕНИЕ. Грибы рода Ganoderma spp., используемые в восточной медицине и в качестве биологически активных добавок к пище, представляют интерес как источники эффективных антиоксидантов. В Российской Федерации и Республике Беларусь не разработана нормативная документация по контролю качества этого вида сырья и его биологически активных веществ, поэтому исследование химического состава и спектра фармакологической активности экстрактов G. lingzhi и G. lucidum является актуальной задачей.

ЦЕЛЬ

ЦЕЛЬ. Установление химического состава и антиоксидантной активности экстрактов плодовых тел G. lingzhi и G. lucidum.

МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ

МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Объектами исследования явились чистые культуры G. lingzhi и G. lucidum из коллекции штаммов грибов ГНУ «Институт леса НАН Беларуси». Для культивирования биомассы использовали два субстрата на основе опилок ольхи (степень измельчения 1–3 мм) и стружки дуба (степень измельчения 5–10 мм). Экстрагирование биомассы проводили 70% этанолом по методу ремацерации. Для определения антирадикальной активности экстрактов грибов использовали реакцию со стабильным свободным радикалом DPPH (2,2-дифенил-1-пикрилгидразил) и катион-радикалом ABTS (2,2’-азино-бис(3-этилбензтиазолин-6-сульфоновой кислоты). Химический состав экстрактов исследовали методом хроматомасс-спектрометрии. Определение количества фенольных, стероидных и тритерпеновых соединений проводили спектрофотометрически.

РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ

РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Установлено, что наибольшую антирадикальную активность проявляет экстракт штамма 334 G. lucidum, выращенный на субстрате ольхи (концентрация полумаксимального ингибирования (IC50) по реакции с DPPH=3,1±0,2 мкг/мл, IC50 (ABTS)=3,7±0,2 мкг/мл) и характеризующийся максимальным содержанием фенольных (326,2±16,5 мкмоль/г) и тритерпеновых соединений (2,00±0,11 ммоль/г). Антиоксидантная активность полученных экстрактов может быть обусловлена содержанием ганодеровой кислоты D, люциденовой кислоты D и нарингенина и других фенольных соединений.

ВЫВОДЫ

ВЫВОДЫ. Высокий выход экстракта со значительным уровнем антиоксидантной активности позволяет рассматривать искусственно выращенные грибы G. lingzhi и G. lucidum в качестве перспективных источников природных антиоксидантов.

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION. Ganoderma spp. have been used as a traditional oriental medicine and a bioactive dietary supplement. These fungi are a promising source of effective antioxidants. Currently, there is no regulatory framework to control the quality of this herbal drug and its bioactive components in the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus. Therefore, it is essential to study the chemical composition and pharmacological activity spectrum of G. lingzhi and G. lucidum extracts.

AIM

AIM. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical composition and antioxi­dant activity of G. lingzhi and G. lucidum fruiting body extracts.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study focused on pure cultures of G. lingzhi and G. lucidum obtained from the fungal species collection of the Forest Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Fungal biomass was grown using two substrates, including alder sawdust (1–3 mm fraction) and oak shavings (5–10 mm fraction). The fungal biomass was extracted using repeated maceration with 70% ethanol. The study tested the free radical-scavenging activity of the extracts in reactions with the stable free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and the radical cation derived from 2,2’-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS). The chemical composition was analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS). The assays for phenols, steroids, and triterpenes used spectrophotometry.

RESULTS

RESULTS. The extract of G. lucidum strain 334 cultivated on the alder substrate demonstrated the highest free radical-scavenging activity (IC50=3.1±0.2 μg/mL (DPPH), IC50=3.7±0.2 μg/mL (ABTS)), the highest phenolic content (326.2±16.5 µmol/g), and the highest triterpene content (2.00±0.11 mmol/g) of all the studied extracts. The antioxidant activity of the extracts of G. lingzhi and G. lucidum may be attributed to the content of ganoderic acid D, lucidenic acid D, naringenin, and other phenolic compounds.

CONCLUSION

CONCLUSION. The high yield of extracts with a significant radical-scavenging activity makes artificially cultivated G. lingzhi and G. lucidum mushrooms a promising source of natural antioxidants.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.