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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vedomostiregmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Регуляторные исследования и экспертиза лекарственных средств</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Regulatory Research and Medicine Evaluation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">3034-3062</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3034-3453</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Institution ‘Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products’ of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBI ‘SCEEMP’)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30895/1991-2919-2022-406</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vedomostiregmed-406</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТОДИКИ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TESTING PROCEDURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности проведения биоаналитической части исследования эквивалентности биоаналогичного препарата надропарина кальция</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Considerations for the Bioanalytical Part of Equivalence Studies of Biosimilar Nadroparin Calcium</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9690-1935</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Косман</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kosman</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Косман Вера Михайловна - кандидат фармацевтических наук.</p><p>Заводская ул., д. 3, к. 245, г.п. Кузьмоловский, Всеволожский р-н, Ленинградская обл., 188663</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vera M. Kosman - Cand. Sci. (Pharm.).</p><p>25 Novokhokhlovskaya St., Moscow 109052</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kosman.vm@doclinika.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6292-8934</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карлина</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karlina</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карлина Марина Валерьевна - кандидат биологических наук.</p><p>Заводская ул., д. 3, к. 245, г.п. Кузьмоловский, Всеволожский р-н, Ленинградская обл., 188663</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina V. Karlina - Cand. Sci. (Biol.).</p><p>25 Novokhokhlovskaya St., Moscow 109052</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">karlina.mv@doclinika.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6866-5741</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фаустова</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Faustova</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фаустова Наталья Михайловна - кандидат химических наук.</p><p>Заводская ул., д. 3, к. 245, г.п. Кузьмоловский, Всеволожский р-н, Ленинградская обл., 188663</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia M. Faustova - Cand. Sci. (Chem.).</p><p>25 Novokhokhlovskaya St., Moscow 109052</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">faustova.nm@doclinika.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ежова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ezhova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ежова Екатерина Александровна.</p><p>Новохохловская ул., д. 25, Москва, 109052</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina A. Ezhova.</p><p>3/245 Zavodskaya St., Kuzmolovsky urban-type settlement, Vsevolozhsky district, Leningrad region 188663</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mez@endopharm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1584-8739</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котельникова</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotelnikova</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Котельникова Ирина Геннадьевна - кандидат фармацевтических наук.</p><p>Новохохловская ул., д. 25, Москва, 109052</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina G. Kotelnikova - Cand. Sci. (Pharm.).</p><p>3/245 Zavodskaya St., Kuzmolovsky urban-type settlement, Vsevolozhsky district, Leningrad region 188663</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mez@endopharm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2447-7888</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макаров</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarov</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Макаров Валерий Геннадьевич - доктор медицинских наук.</p><p>Заводская ул., д. 3, к. 245, г.п. Кузьмоловский, Всеволожский р-н, Ленинградская обл., 188663</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valery G. Makarov - Dr. Sci. (Med.).</p><p>25 Novokhokhlovskaya St., Moscow 109052</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">makarov.vg@doclinika.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3176-6386</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макарова</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarova</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Макарова Марина Николаевна - доктор медицинских наук.</p><p>Заводская ул., д. 3, к. 245, г.п. Кузьмоловский, Всеволожский р-н, Ленинградская обл., 188663</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina N. Makarova - Dr. Sci. (Med.).</p><p>25 Novokhokhlovskaya St., Moscow 109052</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">makarova.mn@doclinika.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Акционерное общество «Научно-производственное объединение «ДОМ ФАРМАЦИИ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research-and-manufacturing company “HOME OF PHARMACY”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский эндокринный завод</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Endocrine Plant</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>89</fpage><lpage>103</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Косман В.М., Карлина М.В., Фаустова Н.М., Ежова Е.А., Котельникова И.Г., Макаров В.Г., Макарова М.Н., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Косман В.М., Карлина М.В., Фаустова Н.М., Ежова Е.А., Котельникова И.Г., Макаров В.Г., Макарова М.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kosman V.M., Karlina M.V., Faustova N.M., Ezhova E.A., Kotelnikova I.G., Makarov V.G., Makarova M.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vedomostincesmp.ru/jour/article/view/406">https://www.vedomostincesmp.ru/jour/article/view/406</self-uri><abstract><p>Для сравнительного изучения фармакодинамики и подтверждения эквивалентности препаратов низкомолекулярных гепаринов (НМГ) согласно современным регуляторным требованиям необходимо сопоставить три фармакодинамических показателя: анти-Ха и анти-IIа активности и концентрацию ингибитора пути тканевого фактора (TFPI). Цель работы — анализ особенностей проведения биоаналитической части исследования эквивалентности биоаналогичного препарата надропарина кальция при подкожном введении. Материалы и методы: определение анти-Ха и анти-IIа активности НМГ и содержания TFPI в образцах плазмы крови человека, полученных после однократного подкожного введения тестируемого и референтного препаратов в одной дозе, выполнено с применением коммерчески доступных наборов реагентов и предварительно валидированных методик. Основные фармакодинамические параметры (суррогатные фармакокинетические маркеры): максимальная активность или концентрация (Amax или Сmax), время достижения максимальной активности или концентрации (Тmax), площадь под кривой «активность (концентрация) — время» (AUC), период полувыведения (T1/2) рассчитаны внемодельным методом статистических моментов и  выполнена их дальнейшая статистическая обработка. Результаты: полученные результаты оценки анти-Ха активности и TFPI позволили рассчитать и сопоставить фармакодинамические параметры (Аmax или Cmax, AUC0-24, AUC0-∞, Тmax, T1/2), а также оценить доверительные интервалы, необходимые для подтверждения эквивалентности исследованных препаратов. Данные по значениям анти-IIа активности имели характер колебаний в пределах одного уровня, что не позволило рассчитать и сопоставить фармакодинамические параметры. Выводы: выявлены особенности, которые необходимо учитывать при планировании исследований фармакодинамики препаратов надропарина кальция: целесообразность разделения каждого образца при отборе с получением двух испытуемых аликвот (одна для определения анти-Ха и анти-IIа активностей, вторая — для анализа TFPI) для корректного выполнения аналитического этапа; достаточность подтверждения отсутствия мешающего  влияния  действующего  вещества  на   аналитическую   процедуру  при валидации  биоаналитических  методик  оценки  анти-Ха  активности,  анти-IIа активности и  содержания  TFPI  в  плазме  крови  человека,  валидированных в диапазоне концентраций 0,024–0,182 МЕ/мл, 0,0069–0,052 МЕ/мл и  1,56–100  нг/мл соответственно; возможность получения данных, не позволяющих рассчитать фармакодинамические параметры и сопоставить доверительные интервалы для всех трех фармакодинамических показателей.  Указанные  особенности  могут быть характерны для других препаратов НМГ.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>According to current regulatory views, a comparative study of the pharmacodynamics (PD) of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) products and confirmation of their equivalence require comparing three PD markers: the anti-Xa activity, the anti-IIa activity, and the tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) concentration. The aim of this study was to analyse the features specific to the bioanalytical part of an equivalence study of a nadroparin calcium biosimilar after single subcutaneous administration. Material and methods: the anti-Xa and anti-IIa activity values and TFPI content were determined in human plasma samples obtained after single subcutaneous administration of the test and the reference product in the same dose, using commercially available reagent kits and pre-validated assays. The authors calculated the main PD parameters (surrogate pharmacokinetic markers), namely the maximum activity or concentration (Amax or Cmax), time to maximum activity or concentration (Tmax), area under the activity–time (or concentration–time) curve (AUC ), and half-life period (T1/2), by means of model-independent statistical moment analysis and carried out further statistical testing of the parameters. Results: the anti-Xa activity and TFPI concentration results provided for  the  possibility  of  calculating  and  comparing  the PD parameters (Amax or Cmax, AUC0-24, AUC0-∞, Tmax, T1/2) and estimating the confidence intervals that are necessary to confirm the bioequivalence of the studied products. The anti-IIa activity data had a characteristic pattern of slight fluctuations around one level, which prevented the calculation and comparison of PD parameters. Conclusion: the study identified specific features to consider when planning comparative PD studies of nadroparin calcium products. Firstly, it is feasible to divide samples into two test aliquots (one for anti-Xa and anti-IIa activity determination, the other for TFPI analysis) at the moment of collection in order to perform the analytical step correctly. Secondly, there is no need in full validation for the bioanalytical assays of the anti-Xa and anti-II activity and TFPI content in human plasma validated in the concentration ranges of 0.024–0.182 IU/mL, 0.0069–0.052 IU/mL and 1.56–100 ng/mL, respectively; a confirmation that the active ingredient does not interfere with the analytical procedure is adequate for the purpose. Finally, the data obtained may not allow for calculating PD parameters and comparing confidence intervals for all three markers. The listed considerations may be relevant for other LMWH products as well.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сравнительная фармакодинамика</kwd><kwd>биоаналогичный препарат</kwd><kwd>надропарин кальция</kwd><kwd>однократное подкожное введение</kwd><kwd>препараты низкомолекулярных гепаринов</kwd><kwd>анти-Ха активность</kwd><kwd>анти-IIа активность</kwd><kwd>ингибитор пути тканевого фактора</kwd><kwd>суррогатные маркеры концентрации</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>comparative pharmacodynamics</kwd><kwd>biosimilar medicinal product</kwd><kwd>nadroparin calcium</kwd><kwd>single subcutaneous administration</kwd><kwd>low molecular weight heparins</kwd><kwd>anti-Xa activity</kwd><kwd>anti-IIa activity</kwd><kwd>tissue factor pathway inhibitor</kwd><kwd>surrogate pharmacokinetic markers</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hoffmann U, Harenberg J, Bauer K, Huhle G, Tolle AR, Feuring M, Christ M. 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