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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vedomostiregmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Регуляторные исследования и экспертиза лекарственных средств</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Regulatory Research and Medicine Evaluation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">3034-3062</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3034-3453</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Institution ‘Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products’ of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBI ‘SCEEMP’)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30895/1991-2919-2021-11-1-24-35</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vedomostiregmed-349</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Использование биомаркеров в фармакокинетических исследованиях лекарственных препаратов природного происхождения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Use of Biomarkers in Pharmacokinetics Studies of Medicinal Products of Natural Origin</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9690-1935</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Косман</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kosman</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Косман Вера Михайловна, кандидат фармацевтических наук</p><p>Заводская ул., 3, к. 245, г.п. Кузьмоловский, Всеволожский р-н, Ленинградская обл., 188663</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vera M. Kosman, Cand. Sci. (Pharm.)</p><p>3/245 Zavodskaya St., Kuzmolovsky urban-type settlement, Vsevolozhsky district, Leningrad region 188663</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kosman.vm@doclinika.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6866-5741</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фаустова</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Faustova</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фаустова Наталья Михайловна,  кандидат химических наук</p><p>Заводская ул., 3, к. 245, г.п. Кузьмоловский, Всеволожский р-н, Ленинградская обл., 188663</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia M. Faustova, Cand. Sci. (Chem)</p><p>3/245 Zavodskaya St., Kuzmolovsky urban-type settlement, Vsevolozhsky district, Leningrad region 188663</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">faustova.nm@doclinika.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6292-8934</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карлина</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karlina</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карлина Марина Валерьевна, кандидат биологических наук</p><p>Заводская ул., 3, к. 245, г.п. Кузьмоловский, Всеволожский р-н, Ленинградская обл., 188663</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina V. Karlina, Cand. Sci. (Biol.)</p><p>3/245 Zavodskaya St., Kuzmolovsky urban-type settlement, Vsevolozhsky district, Leningrad region 188663</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">karlina.mv@doclinika.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2447-7888</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макаров</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarov</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Макаров Валерий Геннадиевич, доктор медицинских наук</p><p>Заводская ул., 3, к. 245, г.п. Кузьмоловский, Всеволожский р-н, Ленинградская обл., 188663</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valery G. Makarov, Dr. Sci (Med.) </p><p>3/245 Zavodskaya St., Kuzmolovsky urban-type settlement, Vsevolozhsky district, Leningrad region 188663</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">makarov.vg@doclinika.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3176-6386</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макарова</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarova</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Макарова Марина Николаевна, доктор медицинских наук</p><p>Заводская ул., 3, к. 245, г.п. Кузьмоловский, Всеволожский р-н, Ленинградская обл., 188663</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina N. Makarova, Dr. Sci (Med.) </p><p>3/245 Zavodskaya St., Kuzmolovsky urban-type settlement, Vsevolozhsky district, Leningrad region 188663</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">makarova.mn@doclinika.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Закрытое акционерное общество «Санкт-Петербургский институт фармации»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St.-Petersburg Institute of Pharmacy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>01</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>24</fpage><lpage>35</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Косман В.М., Фаустова Н.М., Карлина М.В., Макаров В.Г., Макарова М.Н., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Косман В.М., Фаустова Н.М., Карлина М.В., Макаров В.Г., Макарова М.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kosman V.M., Faustova N.M., Karlina M.V., Makarov V.G., Makarova M.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vedomostincesmp.ru/jour/article/view/349">https://www.vedomostincesmp.ru/jour/article/view/349</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Резюме</title><p>Резюме. Лекарственные препараты природного происхождения имеют широкое применение благодаря их фармакологической активности и относительной безопасности. Химический состав таких препаратов, как правило, сложен – они могут являться гетерополимерами или смесями, содержащими пептиды, полисахариды и другие эндогенные компоненты и/или соединения, быстро метаболизируемые в живом организме. Традиционные подходы к изучению таких препаратов, основанные на хроматографических методах, зачастую оказываются неприменимы. Для изучения фармакокинетики препаратов природного происхождения возможно применение методов, основанных на оценке биологического действия и фармакодинамических свойствах таких препаратов, связанных с определением уровней биологических маркеров (биомаркеров).</p><p>Цель работы – обобщение накопленного экспериментального опыта по применению биомаркеров для оценки фармакокинетики на примере нескольких препаратов природного происхождения.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: объектами исследования служили фукоидан, выделенный из Fucus vesiculosus, комплекс биологически активных веществ и гликозилированный полипептид, выделенные из гонад зеленых морских ежей Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis. Корреляции между концентрациями исследуемых смесей и активностью/концентрацией потенциальных биомаркеров были установлены на базе in vitro / ex vivo экспериментов. Для установления специфичности, калибровочного (линейного) диапазона отклика биомаркера, его нативного уровня были получены экспериментальные данные по его содержанию в плазме или сыворотке (in vitro)  и цельной крови (ex vivo) до и после внесения добавок известных количеств исследуемых препаратов. Аналитические методики были основаны на применении хромогенного (оптического) метода определения активности анти-Ха фактора, определении активности ферментов дипептидилпептидазы IV типа и лактатдегидрогеназы кинетическим методом со спектрофотометрическим детектированием продуктов ферментативных реакций.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: анализ результатов исследований  ряда лекарственных препаратов природного происхождения (фукоидана, выделенного из Fucus vesiculosus; гликозилированного полипептида и комплекса биологически активных веществ, выделенных из внутренних органов S. droebachiensis) показал, что подход к изучению фармакокинетики подобных препаратов с использованием биомаркеров оправдан. Его применение позволило корректно рассчитать фармакокинетические параметры. </p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы: обсуждаемый подход может быть использован в различных биологических моделях и эффективен для исследования соединений, которые трудно или невозможно детектировать методами, традиционно используемыми для анализа биопроб при исследованиях фармакокинетики и биоэквивалентности препаратов. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Abstract</title><p>Abstract. Medicinal products of natural origin are widely used by virtue of their pharmacological efficacy and relative safety. Chemical composition of such medicines is usually complex, they may be represented by heteropolymers or mixtures containing peptides, polysaccharides, and other compounds which are endogenous and/or rapidly metabolised in a living organism. Conventional, chromatography-based approaches to evaluation of such medicines are often not applicable. Pharmacokinetics of medicinal products of natural origin may be studied by methods based on assessment of biological action and pharmacodynamic properties of such medicines, which involves determination of biological marker (biomarker) levels. </p><p>The aim of the study was to summarise the accumulated experimental data on the use of biomarkers in pharmacokinetics studies as illustrated by a few medicinal products of natural origin. </p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The authors studied fucoidan from Fucus vesiculosus, as well as a complex of bioactive compounds and a glycopeptide—both isolated from gonads of green sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis). In vitro/ex vivo experiments were used to establish correlation between the concentrations of the test mixtures and the activity/concentration of potential biomarkers. Experiments showing the biomarker concentration in plasma or serum (in vitro) and whole blood (ex vivo) before and after spiking with the studied products were performed in order to assess specificity, calibration (linear) range of the biomarker response, and its native concentration. The analytical procedures were based on the chromogenic (optical) anti-factor Xa activity (AXA) assay, and determination of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 and lactate dehydrogenase activity by kinetic analysis with spectrophotometric detection of enzymatic reaction products. </p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The analysis of the results of studies of a number of natural products (fucoidan from Fucus vesiculosus; a complex of bioactive compounds isolated from gonads of green sea urchins S. droebachiensis; a glycopeptide isolated from internal organs of S. droebachiensis) demonstrated the feasibility of using biomarkers in pharmacokinetics studies of such products. This approach allowed for accurate calculation of pharmacokinetic parameters.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The discussed approach may be used for various biological models and is an effective means of studying compounds that are difficult or impossible to detect by conventional bioassays in pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence studies.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фармакокинетика</kwd><kwd>препараты природного происхождения</kwd><kwd>биологическая активность</kwd><kwd>биомаркеры</kwd><kwd>анти-&#13;
Ха фактор</kwd><kwd>дипептидилпептидаза IV типа</kwd><kwd>лактатдегидрогеназа</kwd><kwd>энзиматический анализ</kwd><kwd>кинетические методы</kwd><kwd>фукоидан</kwd><kwd>Fucus vesiculosus</kwd><kwd>биологически активные вещества</kwd><kwd>гликозилированный полипептид</kwd><kwd>Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pharmacokinetics</kwd><kwd>medicinal products of natural origin</kwd><kwd>biological activity</kwd><kwd>biomarkers</kwd><kwd>anti-factor Xa</kwd><kwd>dipeptidyl&#13;
peptidase 4</kwd><kwd>lactate dehydrogenase</kwd><kwd>enzymatic assay</kwd><kwd>kinetic methods</kwd><kwd>fucoidan</kwd><kwd>Fucus vesiculosus</kwd><kwd>biologically active compounds</kwd><kwd>glycosylated polypeptide</kwd><kwd>Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена как инициативное исследование без финансовой поддержки.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was performed as unsolicited independent research without financial support.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Evens R., ed. Drug and biological development: From molecule to product and beyond. New York: Springer; 2007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Evens R., ed. Drug and biological development: From molecule to product and beyond. 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